Hippophae rhamnoides - Seabuck-thorn

Description and Uses

Hippophae rhamnoides (Seabuck-thorn) is a temperate shrub from North West Europe . It is mainly grown for its fruit crops , which have a short shelf life. The crop is harvested by hand picking. It starts flowering after 3 - 4 years. The yield will be {missing data}, but in its top season there will be a yield of {missing data}. Other crop types include; fertilization, oil, fruit, fuel, alcohol, ornamental, The fruit is used as super food . The fruit is used as " high vitamin-C content, " with {missing data} ({missing data} - {missing data}) as its significant phytochemical. There is Seabuckthorn oil extracted by centrifugal extraction from the shrub's fruit yielding {missing data} - {missing data} oil. The shrub's wood is called seabuck-thorn wood and has a density of 400 - 400 kg/m³. Regarding firewood production the shrub's growing speed is moderate, it's energetic value is 4670 ckal/kg and the wood's drying speed is medium. After 9 years the shrub can be totally removed as it reached its commercial and ecological goal. Hippophae rhamnoides has a lifespan of 45 years.

Environmental limitations

The shrub is 16 meters tall with a crown of 10 meters wide. The shrub prefers a planting distance of 100 cm and a row distance of 400 cm. It is moderate fast growing and intolerant to shade. Hippophae rhamnoides has a deep root-system and it has symbiotic associations with the fungi (endo-mycorrhiza). It is able to fix nitrogen moderately with "Frankiaceae bacteria. The name(s) or string of bacteria include(s) "Frankia alni ". The shrub's flower-morphology is dioecious and is pollinated by wind. Hippophae rhamnoides is {missing data} and a bit allelopathic and has no thorns.

Hippophae rhamnoides thrives in an altitude of 0 to 5200 meters above sea-level (temperate). The minimum temperature is -15°C; optimally between 7 - 22°C. The optimal rainfall is 650 mm/year. Without irrigation the annual rainfall should be between 250 - 800mm (L/m²). The optimal soil-pH is between 8.0 - 10.0 in a soil texture of sand. To salt it is very tolerant to wind tolerant and to fire a bit tolerant.

Pests and Diseases

Hippophae rhamnoides is susceptible to the following pests: . And it's susceptible to the following diseases: (missing data) , , .

Seed Propagation

Seeds are stratificant and can be stored for 36 months. There are approximative 0 seeds/kg. The seeds can be propagated as followed:

• (1) Store harvested seeds moisty at a chilling temperature of 3-7 degrees C for 2-4 months
• (2) Soak the seeds overnight in warm water before sowing.
• (3) Remove the seeds from cold to a permanent warm temperature.