Shorea polysperma - Tanguile

Description and Uses

Shorea polysperma (Tanguile) is a tropical tree from Malaysia & Indonesia . It is mainly grown for its timber crops , which have a long shelf life. The crop is harvested by ground gathering. It starts flowering after 10 - 18 years. The yield will be ?, but in its top season there will be a yield of ?. Other crop types include; gum resin, oil, timber, . The seed/nut is used as inedible . The gum/resin is used as " plant part " with {missing data} (0% - 0%) as its significant phytochemical. There is tanguile oil extracted by cold pressing from the tree's seed/nut yielding 45% - 70% oil. The tree's wood is called dark-red meranti and has a density of 490 - 520 kg/m³. Regarding firewood production the tree's growing speed is fast, it's energetic value is 3900 ckal/kg and the wood's drying speed is medium. After 37 years the tree can be totally removed as it reached its commercial and ecological goal. Shorea polysperma has a lifespan of 150 years.

Environmental limitations

The tree is 25 meters tall with a crown of 19 meters wide. The tree prefers a planting distance of 300 cm and a row distance of 300 cm. It is very fast growing and shade tolerant. Shorea polysperma has a deep root-system and it has symbiotic associations with the Glomus hoi and Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae fungi (endo-mycorrhiza). It is not able to fix nitrogen with "any bacteria. The name(s) or string of bacteria include(s) "not applicable ". The tree's flower-morphology is hermaphroditic and is pollinated by wind. Shorea polysperma is evergreen and a bit allelopathic and has thorns.

Shorea polysperma thrives in an altitude of 0 to 1400 meters above sea-level (tropical). The minimum temperature is 3°C; optimally between 20 - 32°C. The optimal rainfall is 2650 mm/year. Without irrigation the annual rainfall should be between 900 - 3500mm (L/m²). The optimal soil-pH is between 5.0 - 7.0 in a soil texture of loam. To salt it is intolerant to wind a bit tolerant and to fire tolerant.

Pests and Diseases

Shorea polysperma is susceptible to the following pests: Diacavus furtivus , Hoplocerambyx spinicornis , Xyleborus affinis . And it's susceptible to the following diseases: Root rot , , .

Seed Propagation

Seeds are recalcitrant and can be stored for 2 months. There are approximative 800 seeds/kg. The seeds can be propagated as followed:

• (1) Keep seeds in water between 20-27 C
• (2) Soak the seeds overnight in warm water before sowing.
• (3) press the seeds twice its size in the soil soil.